If you’ve ever struggled to see distant objects clearly, you might be experiencing myopia, commonly known as nearsightedness. Myopia is a common eye condition that affects millions worldwide, causing distant objects to appear blurry while close-up vision remains clear. But what does it really mean to be “myopic”? And how does myopia differ from other terms like short-sightedness or farsightedness?
让我们来探讨一下近视的含义，澄清 "近视 "和 "近视眼 "等相关术语之间的区别。我们还将解释近视与远视的区别，并了解近视对眼睛健康和日常生活的影响。
Myopia At A Glance
| Quick Fact | 这意味着什么 |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Nearsightedness or short-sightedness. |
| Main symptom | Distant objects appear blurry, while close-up vision usually remains clear. |
| Why it happens | Light focuses in front of the retina instead of directly on it, often because the eye is slightly too long or the cornea is too steeply curved. |
| When it often starts | Myopia commonly develops during childhood or teenage years and may progress as the eyes grow. |
| Can it be corrected? | Yes. Options include glasses, contact lenses, LASIK, SMILE Pro and ICL, depending on prescription, age and eye health. |
| Surgeon’s view | The prescription number is only the starting point. Corneal thickness, eye shape, retinal health and lifestyle all help determine the safest and most effective treatment. |
近视的定义
近视指的是近视，由于眼睛将图像聚焦在视网膜前而不是直接聚焦在视网膜上，因此远处的物体看起来模糊不清。与近视（近视）相反的是远视，指的是远视。在这种情况下，由于眼睛将图像聚焦在视网膜后面，而不是直接聚焦在视网膜上，因此附近的物体看起来模糊不清。不过，远视与近视是两种不同的情况。
近视和近视
While the terms ‘short-sightedness’ and ‘nearsightedness’ are often used interchangeably, they both refer to the same condition, myopia or ‘short eyesight’ understanding their similarities can help clarify this common vision issue.
术语解释
The different terms: “nearsightedness” in American English and “short-sightedness” in British English, describe the same visual challenge but can sometimes lead to confusion for those encountering both terms.
为什么这两个词可以互换
虽然这些术语因地区而异，但它们都解释了相同的眼部疾病。语言上的差异并不影响病情的性质或严重程度。无论你听到别人称之为 "近视 "还是 "近视"，他们说的都是近视。出现这种情况的原因是眼球形状过长或角膜弯曲过陡，导致光线聚焦在视网膜前方。
近视的全球发病率
近视是全球最常见的视力问题之一，影响着各个年龄段和地区的人群。研究表明，近视率正在上升，尤其是在儿童和青少年中，近视的流行甚至引发了更多关于眼健康的讨论。如果将 "近视 "和 "近视 "理解为可以互换的术语，就可以更容易地获取管理和治疗近视的相关信息。
近视眼
在检查近视眼时，主要区别在于其形状变长。在普通眼球中，光线通过角膜和晶状体进入，直接聚焦在眼球后部的视网膜上。然而，近视眼的眼球比正常眼球略长。这种拉长导致光线聚焦在视网膜前面，而不是直接聚焦在视网膜上，从而导致观看远处物体时视力模糊。
作为一名外科医生，我们还发现近视眼的角膜曲率可能会增大，从而进一步导致聚焦问题。这就造成了屈光不正，也就是造成模糊的原因。在进行 LASIK 或 SMILE Pro 等矫正手术时，我们的目标是重塑角膜，使角膜略微变平，从而调整光线的方向，让光线正确地聚焦在视网膜上。这一过程要求精确，因为最细微的调整都会对视力清晰度产生重大影响。
The myopic eye’s structure is something we carefully consider when tailoring treatment plans, ensuring that the procedure is customised to each patient’s unique eye anatomy for the best possible outcomes.
近视是如何形成的及预防技巧
| 近视是如何形成的 | 预防小贴士 |
|---|---|
| 遗传：近视通常是家族遗传。如果父母一方或双方都是近视眼，那么他们的孩子患上近视眼的可能性就更大。 | 定期检查眼睛：尽早开始眼科检查，尤其是有近视家族史的人，以便尽早采取矫正措施。 |
| 长时间近距离工作：长时间从事近距离活动，如阅读、使用电子屏幕或学习，会导致近视的发展，尤其是儿童。 | 利用 20-20-20 规则休息：每 20 分钟休息 20 秒钟，看看 20 英尺以外的东西。这有助于减轻近距离工作造成的眼睛疲劳。 |
| 缺乏户外活动时间：很少接触自然光与近视率升高有关，尤其是儿童和青少年。 | Spend Time Outdoors: Aim for at least 1-2 hours outside daily. Natural light may help slow myopia progression in young people. |
| 光线不足和姿势不正确：在昏暗的光线下阅读或工作，或将阅读材料拿得太近，都会造成眼睛疲劳，导致近视。 | Use Good Lighting and Proper Distance: Ensure there’s adequate lighting when reading or working, and keep screens or books at a comfortable distance (about 30-40 cm) or consider eye exercises. |
| 数码眼疲劳：长时间看屏幕会导致眼睛疲劳，可能会加重某些人的近视。 | 限制屏幕时间：尽可能减少数码设备的使用，并将屏幕亮度调节到舒适的水平，以防止眼睛疲劳。 |
我们能逆转近视吗？
从多功能的 LASIK 到微创的 ReLEx SMILE，以及针对高度近视的 ICL 手术。
LASIK：度数稳定的成年人的多功能选择
LASIK（激光辅助原位角膜磨镶术）是应用最广泛的近视矫正手术之一，为度数稳定的成年人提供了一种可靠、高效和改变视力的选择。在 LASIK 手术过程中，EuroEyes 外科医生使用激光在角膜上制作一个小瓣，然后重塑下层组织，调整光线在视网膜上的聚焦方式。这种快速有效的手术停工时间极短，患者术后无需佩戴眼镜或隐形眼镜，即可享受更清晰的视力。
客户实例：一位名叫丹尼尔的 EuroEyes 患者是一名 38 岁的软件工程师，他从十几岁开始就与近视作斗争。在接受了 LASIK 手术后，丹尼尔表示自己的视力立即得到了提高，他终于可以阅读远处的文字，也可以在没有视觉辅助设备的情况下享受户外活动了。他形容手术效果 "改变了生活"，20 年来第一次享受到了无镜片生活。
ReLEx SMILE：适合年轻患者和活跃生活方式的微创选择
ReLEx SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction) is an innovative and minimally invasive procedure, particularly suited for younger patients or those with active lifestyles. This technique requires only a small incision in the cornea, preserving more of the eye’s natural structure compared to LASIK. Using advanced laser technology, a tiny lens-shaped piece of tissue is removed from the cornea, reshaping it to correct myopia. With a quick recovery time, SMILE offers patients a clear vision with reduced risk of dry eyes, ideal for those on the go.
客户实例：Sarah 是一名 26 岁的私人教练，她在锻炼过程中一直为视力问题而苦恼，于是来到 EuroEyes 接受 SMILE 手术。术后仅几天，莎拉就对自己的视力提升感到非常兴奋，她说，新的清晰度让她 "可以自由地锻炼，并充满信心地指导她的客户"。她的手术结果充分体现了 ReLEx SMILE 是如何提高积极生活方式者的生活质量的。
ICL（植入式隐形眼镜）：适用于高度近视或不符合激光手术条件者
ICL（可植入隐形眼镜）是严重近视患者或眼部结构不符合 LASIK 或 SMILE 手术条件的患者的独特选择。在此过程中，会在虹膜后、自然晶状体前植入一个定制的镜片，为高度近视提供可逆的长期解决方案。ICL 手术是寻求永久性视力矫正的理想选择，无需重塑角膜，特别适合高度屈光不正的患者。
客户实例：托马斯，45岁，患有严重近视（-12.0屈光度），无法接受激光近视手术。EuroEyes 向他推荐了 ICL，大大改善了他的视力，使其近乎完美清晰。手术后，Thomas分享了他现在如何不用戴着厚厚的度数眼镜就能享受家庭聚会和户外活动，称这是 "一种他从未想过的解脱"。他的经历凸显了 ICL 如何为严重近视患者带来视觉自由的新世界。
The Myopia Scale
The dioptre scale illustrates the strength of a myopia prescription. Myopia is measured in negative dioptres (D), which indicate how much focusing power is required to bring distant objects into clear focus on the retina. The more negative the number, the longer the eye typically is relative to its focusing system. This means light entering the eye focuses in front of the retina instead of directly on it, resulting in blurred distance vision.
The scale helps categorise myopia into low, moderate, high and very high ranges. While these categories are useful for understanding prescription strength, they are not simply labels, they influence how surgeons assess risk, stability and treatment options.
Myopia Prescription Scale (Dioptres)
Myopia prescriptions are measured in dioptres (D). The more negative the number, the stronger the myopia.
This guide offers a simple way to understand where your prescription sits.
Note: A prescription number alone does not determine suitability for laser or lens surgery. Corneal thickness, shape,
eye health and retinal findings matter. A clinical assessment is always required.
Why Surgeons Use Dioptre Ranges in Clinical Decision-Making
Surgeons do not rely on prescription strength alone, but the dioptre range provides a starting point. It helps determine which modern technologies are most appropriate and safe.
- Low to Moderate Myopia (-0.50 to -6.00 D): Often suitable for corneal laser procedures such as LASIK or SMILE, depending on corneal thickness and shape.
- High Myopia (-6.00 D and above): Requires more detailed assessment. Corneal laser may not always be ideal, and implantable collamer lenses (ICL) may offer superior optical quality and safety.
- Very High Myopia (-10.00 D and beyond): Lens-based procedures are frequently considered, and careful retinal evaluation becomes increasingly important.
The prescription range also helps identify patients who may require additional retinal monitoring. Higher levels of myopia are associated with increased lifetime risk of retinal detachment and other structural changes, which must be factored into any treatment plan.
How Modern Technology Has Changed Myopia Treatment
In the past, myopia correction was limited to glasses or contact lenses. Today, advanced diagnostic imaging allows surgeons to evaluate corneal thickness, topography, biomechanics and axial length with remarkable precision.
This means treatment is no longer based solely on the prescription number. Instead, surgeons combine:
- Dioptre measurement
- Corneal thickness mapping
- Wavefront optical analysis
- Axial length assessment
- Retinal health evaluation.
By integrating these data points, surgeons can determine whether laser reshaping of the cornea, lens-based correction such as ICL, or long-term myopia management strategies offer the best visual outcome and long-term safety.
Why the Prescription Number Alone Is Not Enough
Two patients with the same prescription may require completely different treatment approaches. One may have thick, healthy corneas suitable for laser correction, while another may benefit more from a lens-based procedure. The dioptre scale provides context. The full clinical assessment provides clarity.
Trust EuroEyes! Your London Eye Clinic
As surgeons at EuroEyes, we’re deeply committed to helping people reclaim their vision and transform their lives. Our expertise in advanced, life-changing procedures, whether it’s LASIK, SMILE, or ICL has already helped thousands across Europe and the UK achieve clearer vision and a new sense of freedom. At EuroEyes, you can trust that we’re dedicated to providing the highest standards of care, personalised to your needs. Join our family of patients who have taken the step towards perfect vision and start your journey to a brighter, lens-free future with us.
